Name :
Recombinant Human HVEM Protein (hFc & AVI Tag), Biotinylated, HPLC-verified
Biological Activity :
Background :
Herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM), also referred to as TNFRSF14, TR2 (TNF receptor-like molecule) and ATAR (another TRAF-associated receptor), is a member of type I transmembrane protein belonging to the TNF-receptor superfamily. It is expressed on many immune cells, including T and B cells, NK cells, monocytes, and neutrophils. Two TNF superfamily ligands lymphotoxin α (TNF-β) and LIGHT (TNFSF14) are identified as cellular ligands for HVEM and initiate the positive signaling. However, recent studies have revealed that HVEM is also involved in the unique inhibitory signaling pathway for T cells through activating tyrosine phosphorylation of the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) in B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA). HVEM provides a stimulatory signal following engagement with LIGHT (TNFSF14) on T cells. In contrast, it can also provide an inhibitory signal to T cells when it binds the B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA), a ligand member of the Immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily. Thus, HVEM may be viewed as a molecular switch, capable of facilitating both stimulatory and inhibitory cosignaling in T cells. Substantial evidence from both human disease and from experimental mouse models has indicated that dysregulation of the LIGHT-HVEM-BTLA cosignaling pathway can cause inflammation in the lung and in mucosal tissues. Cancer Immunotherapy Co-inhibitory Immune Checkpoint Targets Immune Checkpoint Immune Checkpoint Detection: Antibodies Immune Checkpoint Detection: ELISA Antibodies Immune Checkpoint Proteins Immune Checkpoint Targets Immunotherapy Targeted Therapy
Biological Activity :
Testing in progress
Expression Host :
Human
Source :
HEK293 Cells
Tag :
Protein Accession No. :
NP_003811.2
NCBI Gene ID :
Synonyms :
Synonyms :
tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 14
Amino Acid Sequence :
Molecular Weight :
The recombinant human TNFRSF14 consists of 419 amino acids and predicts a molecular mass of 46 kDa.
Purity :
≥ 90 % as determined by SDS-PAGE. ≥ 90 % as determined by SEC-HPLC.
State of Matter :
Product Concentration :
Storage and Stability :
Samples are stable for up to twelve months from date of receipt at -20℃ to -80℃. Store it under sterile conditions at -20℃ to -80℃. It is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Endotoxin Level :
< 1.0 EU per μg protein as determined by the LAL method.
Protein Construction :
A DNA sequence encoding the human TNFRSF14 (NP_003811.2) (Met1-Val202) was expressed with a C-terminal Fc region of human IgG1 tag followed by an AVI tag. The expressed protein was biotinylated in vivo by the Biotin-Protein ligase (BirA enzyme) which is co-expressed.
Buffer Solution :
Lyophilized from sterile PBS, pH 7.4.Please contact us for any concerns or special requirements. Normally 5 % – 8 % trehalose, mannitol and 0.01% Tween80 are added as protectants before lyophilization. Please refer to the specific buffer information in the hardcopy of datasheet.
Shipping :
In general, recombinant proteins are provided as lyophilized powder which are shipped at ambient temperature.Bulk packages of recombinant proteins are provided as frozen liquid. They are shipped out with blue ice unless customers require otherwise.
Redissolution :
A hardcopy of datasheet with reconstitution instructions is sent along with the products. Please refer to it for detailed information.
Synonyms :
ATAR Protein, Human; CD270 Protein, Human; HVEA Protein, Human; HVEM Protein, Human; LIGHTR Protein, Human; TR2 Protein, Human HVEM 背景信息 Herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM), also referred to as TNFRSF14, TR2 (TNF receptor-like molecule) and ATAR (another TRAF-associated receptor), is a member of type I transmembrane protein belonging to the TNF-receptor superfamily. It is expressed on many immune cells, including T and B cells, NK cells, monocytes, and neutrophils. Two TNF superfamily ligands lymphotoxin α (TNF-β) and LIGHT (TNFSF14) are identified as cellular ligands for HVEM and initiate the positive signaling. However, recent studies have revealed that HVEM is also involved in the unique inhibitory signaling pathway for T cells through activating tyrosine phosphorylation of the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) in B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA). HVEM provides a stimulatory signal following engagement with LIGHT (TNFSF14) on T cells. In contrast, it can also provide an inhibitory signal to T cells when it binds the B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA), a ligand member of the Immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily. Thus, HVEM may be viewed as a molecular switch, capable of facilitating both stimulatory and inhibitory cosignaling in T cells. Substantial evidence from both human disease and from experimental mouse models has indicated that dysregulation of the LIGHT-HVEM-BTLA cosignaling pathway can cause inflammation in the lung and in mucosal tissues. Cancer Immunotherapy Co-inhibitory Immune Checkpoint Targets Immune Checkpoint Immune Checkpoint Detection: Antibodies Immune Checkpoint Detection: ELISA Antibodies Immune Checkpoint Proteins Immune Checkpoint Targets Immunotherapy Targeted Therapy
References & Citations :
Murphy KM, et al. (2006) Balancing co-stimulation and inhibition with BTLA and HVEM. Nat Rev Immunol. 6(9): 671-81.Heo SK, et al. (2007) HVEM signaling in monocytes is mediated by intracellular calcium mobilization. J Immunol. 179(9): 6305-10.Steinberg MW, et al. (2008) A crucial role for HVEM and BTLA in preventing intestinal inflammation. J Exp Med. 205(6): 1463-76.Pasero C, et al. (2009) A role for HVEM, but not lymphotoxin-beta receptor, in LIGHT-induced tumor cell death and chemokine production. Eur J Immunol. 39(9): 2502-14.Cheung TC. Modulation of T cell proliferation through the LIGHT-HVEM-BTLA cosignaling pathway. Recent Pat DNA Gene Seq. 3(3): 177-82.
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