Name :
Recombinant Human JNK2 Protein (His Tag)
Biological Activity :
Background :
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 (MAPK9), also well known as c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK2), is a member of the MAP kinase subfamily belonging to the protein kinase superfamily. MAPK9 responds to activation by environmental stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines by phosphorylating some transcription factors, such as c-Jun and ATF2. The crystal structure of human JNK2 complexed with an indazole inhibitor by applying a high-throughput protein engineering and surface-site mutagenesis approach. A novel conformation of the activation loop is observed, which is not compatible with its phosphorylation by upstream kinases. This activation inhibitory conformation of JNK2 is stabilized by the MAP kinase insert that interacts with the activation loop in an induced-fit manner. It suggests that the MAP kinase insert of JNK2 plays a role in the regulation of JNK2 activation, possibly by interacting with intracellular binding partners. JNK2 deficiency leads to reduced c-Jun degradation, thereby augmenting c-Jun levels and cellular proliferation, and suggests that JNK2 is a negative regulator of cellular proliferation in multiple cell types. JNK2 prevents replicative stress by coordinating cell cycle progression and DNA damage repair mechanisms. JNK2 blocks the ubiquitination of tumor suppressor p53, and thus increases the stability of p53 in nonstressed cells. JNK2 negatively regulates antigen-specific CD8+ T cell expansion and effector function, and thus selectively blocking JNK2 in CD8+ T cells may potentially enhance the anti-tumor immune response. Lack of JNK2 expression was associated with higher tumor aneuploidy and reduced DNA damage response. Additionally, the JNK2 protein could be a novel therapeutic target in dry eye disease and may provide a novel target for the prevention of vascular disease and atherosclerosis.
Biological Activity :
No Kinase Activity
Expression Host :
Human
Source :
Baculovirus-Insect Cells
Tag :
Protein Accession No. :
NP_002743.3
NCBI Gene ID :
Synonyms :
Synonyms :
mitogen-activated protein kinase 9
Amino Acid Sequence :
Molecular Weight :
The recombinant human MAPK9 consists of 435 amino acids and predicts a molecular mass of 49.5 kDa as estimated in SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.
Purity :
> 90 % as determined by SDS-PAGE
State of Matter :
Product Concentration :
Storage and Stability :
Samples are stable for up to twelve months from date of receipt at -20℃ to -80℃. Store it under sterile conditions at -20℃ to -80℃. It is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Endotoxin Level :
< 1.0 EU per μg of the protein as determined by the LAL method
Protein Construction :
A DNA sequence encoding the full length of human MAPK9 (NP_002743.3) (Met 1-Arg 424) was fused with a polyhistidine tag at the C-terminus.
Buffer Solution :
Lyophilized from sterile 50mM Tris, 100mM NaCl, pH 8.0, 10% glycerol, 0.5mM EDTA, 0.5mM PMSFPlease contact us for any concerns or special requirements. Normally 5 % – 8 % trehalose, mannitol and 0.01% Tween80 are added as protectants before lyophilization. Please refer to the specific buffer information in the hardcopy of datasheet.
Shipping :
In general, recombinant proteins are provided as lyophilized powder which are shipped at ambient temperature.Bulk packages of recombinant proteins are provided as frozen liquid. They are shipped out with blue ice unless customers require otherwise.
Redissolution :
A hardcopy of datasheet with reconstitution instructions is sent along with the products. Please refer to it for detailed information.
Synonyms :
JNK-55 Protein, Human; JNK2 Protein, Human; JNK2A Protein, Human; JNK2ALPHA Protein, Human; JNK2B Protein, Human; JNK2BETA Protein, Human; p54a Protein, Human; p54aSAPK Protein, Human; PRKM9 Protein, Human; SAPK Protein, Human; SAPK1a Protein, Human JNK2 背景信息 Mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 (MAPK9), also well known as c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK2), is a member of the MAP kinase subfamily belonging to the protein kinase superfamily. MAPK9 responds to activation by environmental stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines by phosphorylating some transcription factors, such as c-Jun and ATF2. The crystal structure of human JNK2 complexed with an indazole inhibitor by applying a high-throughput protein engineering and surface-site mutagenesis approach. A novel conformation of the activation loop is observed, which is not compatible with its phosphorylation by upstream kinases. This activation inhibitory conformation of JNK2 is stabilized by the MAP kinase insert that interacts with the activation loop in an induced-fit manner. It suggests that the MAP kinase insert of JNK2 plays a role in the regulation of JNK2 activation, possibly by interacting with intracellular binding partners. JNK2 deficiency leads to reduced c-Jun degradation, thereby augmenting c-Jun levels and cellular proliferation, and suggests that JNK2 is a negative regulator of cellular proliferation in multiple cell types. JNK2 prevents replicative stress by coordinating cell cycle progression and DNA damage repair mechanisms. JNK2 blocks the ubiquitination of tumor suppressor p53, and thus increases the stability of p53 in nonstressed cells. JNK2 negatively regulates antigen-specific CD8+ T cell expansion and effector function, and thus selectively blocking JNK2 in CD8+ T cells may potentially enhance the anti-tumor immune response. Lack of JNK2 expression was associated with higher tumor aneuploidy and reduced DNA damage response. Additionally, the JNK2 protein could be a novel therapeutic target in dry eye disease and may provide a novel target for the prevention of vascular disease and atherosclerosis.
References & Citations :
Sabapathy K, et al. (2004) JNK2: a negative regulator of cellular proliferation. Cell Cycle. 3(12): 1520-3.Tao J, et al. (2007) JNK2 negatively regulates CD8+ T cell effector function and anti-tumor immune response. Eur J Immunol. 37(3): 818-29.Shaw D, et al. (2008) The crystal structure of JNK2 reveals conformational flexibility in the MAP kinase insert and indicates its involvement in the regulation of catalytic activity. J Mol Biol. 383(4): 885-93.Osto E, et al. (2008) c-Jun N-terminal kinase 2 deficiency protects against hypercholesterolemia-induced endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress. 118(20): 2073-80.De Paiva CS, et al. (2009) Essential role for c-Jun N-terminal kinase 2 in corneal epithelial response to desiccating stress. Arch Ophthalmol. 127(12): 1625-31.Chen P, et al. (2010) Jnk2 effects on tumor development, genetic instability and replicative stress in an oncogene-driven mouse mammary tumor model. PLoS One. 5(5): e10443.
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